Catatonia and its features
Catatonia is a psychotic condition that can occur in many disorders like it’s symptoms can be present in neurodevelopmental disorder, bipolar disorder and depressive disorder. 
Diagnostic and statistical menu of mental disorders does not consider catatonia as separate mental disorder but it is associated with another mental disorder like it can be associated with neurodevelopmental disorder, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder or unspecified catatonia.
There are some essential features of catatonia which are
- Psychomotor disturbance
- Decrease motor activity for example individual have decrease engagement during physical examination or during interview.
- Increase in motor activity
- Agitation
- The essential feature of catatonia is a marked
- Stupor or severe immobility
- Catalepsy or moderate immobility
- Mutism or low engagement
- Stereotypy or complex motor behaviors
In extreme cases individual may face decrease motor activity and excessive motor activity as well. Individual with extreme catatonia may require proper supervision to avoid self-harm.
Catatonia Associated With Another Mental Disorder
The catatonia associated with another mental disorder is diagnosed when criteria did not met the symptoms.
According to DSM 5TR the diagnostic criteria is
Diagnostic Criteria A.
The individual have three or more than three symptoms from following
- Stupor or no psychomotor activity
- Catalepsy or passive posture
- Waxy flexibility or slight resistance
- Mutism or no verbal response when required
- Negativism or work opposite to provided instructions
- Posturing or active maintenance against gravity
- Mannerism or odd response
- Stereotypy or repetition
- Agitation or no response to external stimuli
- Echolalia or mimicking
- Grimacing
- Echopraxia or mimicking others movement
Coding note:
Catatonia can be associated with depressive disorder
Catatonia can be associated with neurodevelopmental disorder
Catatonia can be associated with schizophrenia
Catatonic Disorder Due to another Medical Condition
According to DSM 5TR the diagnostic criteria is
Diagnostic Criteria A.
The individual have three or more than three symptoms from following
- Stupor or no psychomotor activity
- Catalepsy or passive posture
- Waxy flexibility or slight resistance
- Mutism or no verbal response when required
- Negativism or work opposite to provided instructions
- Posturing or active maintenance against gravity
- Mannerism or odd response
- Stereotypy or repetition
- Agitation or no response to external stimuli
- Echolalia or mimicking
- Grimacing
- Echopraxia or mimicking others movement
Diagnostic Criteria B.
The history and medical condition of the individual shows that the disturbance is due to another medical condition.
Diagnostic Criteria C.
Disturbance is not due to another mental disorder.
Diagnostic Criteria D.
The disturbance is not due to delirium.
Diagnostic Criteria E.
The disturbance due to above mentioned symptoms disturb daily life functioning of the individual.